![]() Based on these considerations, the present volume aims to provide a possible way to integrate the results of archeology, history and art history in the wider medieval historiography of Central and South-East European dedicated to military issues. Medieval weapons is an important topic of study, spectacular because of its diversity and symbolism, being one of the most important markers of the Middle Ages, things that fully justifies the organization of an international symposium. However meetings between specialists, which is specifically dedicated to analysis of particular issues arising from intense commercial and cultural exchanges in Central and Southeast Europe have been and are still very few. Because of these conflict s the interest in terms of ethnic composition in the Balkan territories increased significantly, which is visible in publications that are out of print in recent years. The importance of interethnic relations topic in different periods of the Central European area history is not a recent interest in historiography, but maybe in the last 15 years, this topic has become extremely debated in the context of regional conflicts that took on ethnic form. Oakeshott, the pommels of the sword in question are distributed under “type N”) and the military campaign tripod vessel. Ruttkay, and within the classification made by R.E. Pinter's typology, type XV, according to A. The weapons or pieces of military equipment that can certainly be assigned to the German environment from southern Transylvania are few, namely only one type of sword (type VI, according to Z. The repertoire allowed us to reach the conclusion that some of them were manufactured by local workshops specialized in metal processing (bronze, silver, copper, iron). Since the material under our investigation is dispersed in various surveys and the lack of centralization would lead to biased and fragmented / syncopated interpretations, we have further attempted to accomplish a repertoire of all artefacts dating from the 12th and 13th centuries found in the German settlement areas and, where it was possible, to propose a historical reinterpretation. In this respect, the defining elements include swords, liturgical objects, the bronze tripod vessel, certain tools and, to a certain extent, ceramics. The most revealing elements of material culture from the 13th century, preserved until today, which present an ethnic character, an emblematic style, are the objects made by Western colonists. This ethnic separation is visible from the perspective of material culture (the material culture contrasts being due especially to technological and cultural infusions brought by the Hospites from Western Europe, which they later spread, after having settled in Transylvania), as well as from the political perspective, from the point of view of the military potential and the administrative and ecclesiastical organization – these communities of Western Hospites (Flanders, Walloons, Saxons, and Flemish) finally succeeding to establish themselves as an identity group (Saxones – Transylvanian Saxons – Siebenbürger Sachsen). However, one can still observe certain ethnic indicators in the German colonization area, but only for a short period, namely from the mid-12th century until the mid-13th century. The only other note is that I double counted certain weapons if the document had works from multiple fencing masters included.The idea of "cultural homogeneity" has been generally accepted starting with the 12th century, a fact that has lead to the archaeological material losing its ethnic features. It’s only complete up through about 1550.” While the sources listed and the weapons included are comprehensive he does feel that if looking at translated sources there will be significant biases based on the interests of individuals who have contributed translations. In his words, “Wiktenauer represents an attempt at creating a comprehensive catalog of all known fencing treatises. I contacted the Wiktenauer Director, Michael Chidester, about the subject. Now, this does lead to the possibility of selection bias. Go to the Wiktenauer page listing all the treatises. Much like my previous work in counting sources, this wasn’t especially rigorous. Or I could just go to the Wiktenauer and start counting how often stuff shows up. A comprehensive project of considerable effort. The question of the day: What were the most common weapons in historical German martial arts? To properly answer the question we would have to carefully analyze period accounts to see what people were actually using.
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